PML RARA T(15;17)(q22;q12) Gene Rearrangement Qualitative Test | GDIC

This test is exclusively performed to detect the extent of acute promyelocytic leukemia exposed to the translocation t(15;17)(q22q12).

Why is this test done:

This test is done to check the mutations of the chromosomes seen in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Acute promyelocytic Leukemia:

It is one type of acute myeloid leukemia. The bone marrow is responsible for producing hematopoietic and red blood cells. In promyelocytic leukemia, the bone is accumulated by the premature blood cells. This leads to the obstruction in the growth cycle of normal white and red blood cells.

Symptoms seen are:

• Bruising
• Nose bleeding
• Petechiae
• Excessive periods
• Low platelet count
• Anemia
• Pallor skin
• Fatigue
• Frequent infections

It is usually seen in older adults.

Causes :

Two genes are involved: PML and RARA.

The PML gene is seen on chromosome 15, whereas the RARA gene is located on chromosome 17. Mutations can affect genes at any moment of life. This is a somatic mutation.

When is this test recommended?

It is recommended that any symptoms mentioned are seen in your profile test. Usually, it is advised after the complete blood count.

• Nose bleeding
• Petechiae
• Excessive periods
• Low platelet count
• Anemia
• Pallor skin
• Fatigue
• Frequent infections

Other Diagnosis of promyelocytic Leukemia:

• Fluorescence in situ hybrid(FISH)
• Chromosomal analysis
• Polymerase Chain Reaction

Fluorescent Method:

A dye named Oxazine is used. It differentiates the platelets as compared to the other cells of the blood. The fluorescence intensity achieved this.

Procedure:

• A blood sample is needed.
• The needle is pricked into the arm.
• Blood is withdrawn.
• The sample is sent for examination.

What is Flow Cytometry?

It is a laser technique that helps in investigating the chemical and physical features of cells.

Uses :

• Diagnosing the cell features
• Diagnosing the microbes
• Cell sorting
• Cell counting
• Detection of bone marrow cancer
• Detect the biomarker