Diphyllobothriasis

Diphyllobothriasis, also known as broad fish tapeworm infection, is a parasitic infection caused by the tapeworm Diphyllobothrium spp. The infection is acquired through consumption of undercooked or raw fish infected with the larvae of the tapeworm. Diphyllobothriasis is most commonly associated with consuming freshwater fish from regions where the tapeworm is endemic, such as certain parts of Europe, Asia, and North America.

The adult tapeworm can grow in the human intestines and can reach lengths of several meters. It attaches to the intestinal wall using hooks and suckers and absorbs nutrients from the host's digestive system. In many cases, diphyllobothriasis may be asymptomatic, meaning that infected individuals may not show any signs or symptoms. However, when symptoms do occur, they can include abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, weakness, and vitamin B12 deficiency, which can result in anemia and other neurological symptoms.

Diagnosis of diphyllobothriasis typically involves identifying the tapeworm or its eggs in stool samples. Laboratory testing, such as microscopy or molecular testing, may be used to confirm the presence of Diphyllobothrium spp. eggs or segments in the stool. Sometimes, segments of the tapeworm may also be visible in the stool or vomit of infected individuals.

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