What All You Need To Know About Hypertension

Hypertension (high blood pressure) is defined when pressure in the blood vessels are very high (140/90 mmHg or even higher). There has been a significant genetic component to Hypertension. The heritability of...

Hypertension (high blood pressure) is defined when pressure in the blood vessels are very high (140/90 mmHg or even higher).

There has been a significant genetic component to Hypertension. The heritability of hypertension is estimated to be in the range of 30%-40%

There are also genetic determinants of target organ damage and vascular disease.

The blood flow is defined as: Pressure across the vascular bed/vascular resistance

Key Facts:

An estimated 46% of adults with hypertension are unaware that they have the condition.
Less than half of the adults (42%) living with hypertension are diagnosed and treated.
Approximately 1 in 5 adults (21%) living with hypertension have it under control.
Hypertension is considered to be a major cause of premature death worldwide.

Note: It may be seen that even though hypertension is common but can turn serious if it is not treated. Moreover, people may live with hypertension without any symptoms and only diagnosed once they get themselves checked.

Types of Hypertension and its causes

Primary Hypertension

This Hypertension results from a complex interaction of the genes and other environmental factors.

Blood pressure is usually seen to rise due to the following reasons:

Aging
Too much influence of western diet
High Salt Intake
Lack of exercise
Obesity
Too much Caffeine
Lack of exercise
Vitamin D deficiency

Secondary Hypertension

This hypertension usually results from an identifiable cause. The reasons are as follows:

Kidney disease
Cushing's syndrome
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Acromegaly
Conn's syndrome or hyperaldosteronism
Renal artery stenosis (from atherosclerosis or fibromuscular dysplasia)
Pheochromocytoma

Staging of Hypertension

NORMAL: SBP less than 120 and DBP less than 80mmHg;
ELEVATED: SBP 120 to 129 and DBP less than 80mmHg;
STAGE 1 HYPERTENSION: SBP 130 to 139 or DBP 80 to 89mmHg;
STAGE 2 HYPERTENSION: SBP greater than or equal to 140 mmHg or greater than or equal to 90 mmHg.

Where,

SBP- Systole Blood Pressure
DBP- Diastole Blood Pressure

Hormones and feedback mechanism

Rennin Angiotensin-aldosterone system contributes to the regulation of arterial pressure

This mechanism includes the following hormones:

Angiotensinogen
Angiotensin I
Angiotensin II
ATI1 receptor
AT2 receptor
Aldosterone
Renin
ACE-kinase ii
Bradykinin
Inactive peptides

Risk Factors of Hypertension

Older age
Genetics
Being Obese or Overweight
Not Physically Active
High-Salt Diet
Drinking excess Alcohol

Symptoms of Hypertension

High Blood pressure can cause symptoms such as:

Headaches
Blurred Vision
Chest Pain

Untreated high blood pressure can lead to health conditions such as:

Patients with extremely high blood pressure (usually 180/120 or higher) can experience some symptoms including:

Severe Headaches
Chest Pain
Dizziness
Difficulty Breathing
Nausea
Vomiting
Blurred Vision
Anxiety And Confusion
Buzzing In The Ears Sound
Nosebleeds
Abnormal Heart Rhythm

Note: If you experience any of the symptoms as listed above and a high blood pressure, seek help from the doctor immediately.

Moreover, BP can be easily measured and monitored at home as well.

Diagnosis

Blood Pressure can be measured easily using the medical device- sphygmomanometer

Moreover, these are some typical tests that are performed:

System	Tests
Kidney	Microscopic urinalysis, protein in the urine, BUN, creatinine
Endocrine	Serum sodium, potassium, calcium, TSH
Metabolic	Fasting blood glucose, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides

Other Tests include the following:

Management and Treatment of Hypertension

Lifestyle changes can also help in lowering the high blood pressure. These include the following:

Eating Healthy, Low-Salt Diet
Losing Weight
Becoming Physically Active
Quitting the Tobacco.

There are also several blood pressure medicines. The common ones are as follows:

ACE inhibitors, example- Enalapril (Vasotec).
Angiotensin-2 receptor blockers (ARBs) , example- irbesartan, valsartan,
Calcium channel blockers example- amlodipine and felodipine
Diuretics, example- hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone

Prevention

Some of the Lifestyle changes could help in lowering high blood pressure, these are as follows:

Do:

Eat vegetables and fruits more often
Sit less.
Be physically active, example- walking, running, swimming, dancing or activities that would build strength, like lifting weights.
Do take the medicines as prescribed by the health care provider.
Keep all appointments on time with your health care provider.
Manage your stress levels
Regularly checking and monitoring your BP

Don’t:

Salty Food
Saturated Or Trans Fats
Smoke Or Using Tobacco
Excess Alcohol
Missing Medication.

Complications of uncontrolled hypertension

The Excessive pressure can further harden your arteries; decrease the flow of blood and oxygen to heart. It can cause the following condition:

Angina (Chest Pain)
Heart Attack,
Heart Failure
Irregular Heart Beat Which Can Also Lead To Sudden Death.
Stroke
Kidney failure

To seek Free Consultation from the Doctor:

Contact- Dr. Ravin Sharma, (MBBS, MD in Radiology)

Available: 24*7*365

Phone Number: +91 9212125996

Why should Ganesh diagnostic and Imaging Centre be your preference for ruling out other diseases and screen you for Hypertension

At Ganesh Diagnostic and Imaging Centre, we are known for providing excellent service and care to its patients for decades. Lakhs of satisfied patients over the years!

It is an established and renowned diagnostic centre since 2001.

Their excellence is backed by NABH and NABL Accreditations.

NABH accreditation is proof of highest standard of care and service provided to the patients. NABL accreditation reflects the competency of laboratories and equipment based on some national and international standards.

Test report is available digitally too.

Ganesh Diagnostic and Imaging Centre is a one-stop solution for getting all kinds of tests done, as all services are available under one roof.

The aim of GDIC is to provide world’s finest technology at the lowest price.

The rates of scans are reasonably priced. Ganesh Diagnostic and Imaging Centre also offer FLAT 50% OFF on many tests.